Night Mail — The Poetic Gaze
In the 1930s, the British Post Office (General Post Office — GPO) was forced to fend off looming privatization plans. The GPO’s dedicated Film Unit was commissioned to produce a series of films that would enhance the public image of the institution, while at the same time combating low morale among the workforce by restoring fascination and pride in the service. Directors Harry Watt and Basil Wright were tasked with portraying the London-Glasgow-Edinburgh-Aberdeen main postal train route.
Set to the music of Benjamin Britten and a poem by W.D. Auden, the b/w images of the Postal Special’s journey from London to Glasgow have a suggestive effect.
Panning across a bleak Scottish landscape, the whistling of the wind overlaid by a beat, the distinctive white smoke of the train in the valley and a voice-over to the hard rhythmic beat of the steam engine.
This is the night mail crossing the Border,
Bringing the cheque and the postal order,
Letters for the rich, letters for the poor,
The store at the corner, the girl next door.
The train works its way powerfully up the mountains as the stoker feeds the fire in the furnace with coal, shovel after shovel.
In the farm she passes no one wakes,
But a jug in a bedroom gently shakes.
The ascent is complete as dawn breaks, set to a sublime score, the view opens up to the brightening sky as the engineer wipes his sweat from his brow.
Dawn frenshens, Her climb is done.
Down toward Glasgow she descends.
In the staccato of the rapid descent, we learn about the variety of letters, practically the whole spectrum of life that the mail train has on board.
Letters of thanks, letters from banks,
Letters of joy from girl and boy,
Clever, stupid, short and long,
The typed and the printed and the spelt all wrong.
At the end of the 23:23 min long documentary it’s probably the last 3:14min that so closely resemble an independent film, that makes “Night Mail” such a masterpiece.
The fact that “Night Mail” is not just a regular image film, but a work of art, is due in no small part to John Grierson, one of the narrators in the film, who actually criticized the end of the rough cut version. He complained that the images documented merely the “machinery” of mail distribution, yet did not show the people who write and receive the letters. The filmmakers then decided to create an additional sequence with a poem spoken to music.
Lastly I will deal with the opening 20 minutes of the film, which show this “machinery” in detail, in the second part of “Night Mail”. This section is more conventionally designed, but also offers us a closer look at the working world of the 1930s.
Night Mail by W H Auden
Publicity poster for the documentary film "Night Mail"
© artwork by Pat Keely
Night Mail — The Poetic Gaze
In the 1930s, the British Post Office (General Post Office — GPO) was forced to fend off looming privatization plans. The GPO’s dedicated Film Unit was commissioned to produce a series of films that would enhance the public image of the institution, while at the same time combating low morale among the workforce by restoring fascination and pride in the service. Directors Harry Watt and Basil Wright were tasked with portraying the London-Glasgow-Edinburgh-Aberdeen main postal train route.
Set to the music of Benjamin Britten and a poem by W.D. Auden, the b/w images of the Postal Special’s journey from London to Glasgow have a suggestive effect.
Panning across a bleak Scottish landscape, the whistling of the wind overlaid by a beat, the distinctive white smoke of the train in the valley and a voice-over to the hard rhythmic beat of the steam engine.
This is the night mail crossing the Border,
Bringing the cheque and the postal order,
Letters for the rich, letters for the poor,
The store at the corner, the girl next door.
The train works its way powerfully up the mountains as the stoker feeds the fire in the furnace with coal, shovel after shovel.
In the farm she passes no one wakes,
But a jug in a bedroom gently shakes.
The ascent is complete as dawn breaks, set to a sublime score, the view opens up to the brightening sky as the engineer wipes his sweat from his brow.
Dawn frenshens, Her climb is done.
Down toward Glasgow she descends.
In the staccato of the rapid descent, we learn about the variety of letters, practically the whole spectrum of life that the mail train has on board.
Letters of thanks, letters from banks,
Letters of joy from girl and boy,
Clever, stupid, short and long,
The typed and the printed and the spelt all wrong.
At the end of the 23:23 min long documentary it’s probably the last 3:14min that so closely resemble an independent film, that makes “Night Mail” such a masterpiece.
The fact that “Night Mail” is not just a regular image film, but a work of art, is due in no small part to John Grierson, one of the narrators in the film, who actually criticized the end of the rough cut version. He complained that the images documented merely the “machinery” of mail distribution, yet did not show the people who write and receive the letters. The filmmakers then decided to create an additional sequence with a poem spoken to music.
Lastly I will deal with the opening 20 minutes of the film, which show this “machinery” in detail, in the second part of “Night Mail”. This section is more conventionally designed, but also offers us a closer look at the working world of the 1930s.
Night Mail by W H Auden
Publicity poster for the documentary film "Night Mail"
© artwork by Pat Keely
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